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Anthropogenic climate change drastically affects our planet, with CO₂ being the most critical gaseous driver. Here, we present a fast, effective, and sustainable route for coupling diverse alcohols, amines and amides with CO₂ via heterogenization of a natural metal-based homogeneous catalyst through decorating on functionalized graphene oxide. Combined synthetic, experimental, and theoretical studies unravel mechanistic routes to convergent 4鈥慹lectron reduction of CO₂ under mild conditions. We successfully replace the toxic and expensive ruthenium species with inexpensive, ubiquitously available and recyclable iron. This iron-based functionalized graphene oxide, functions as an efficient catalyst for the selective conversion of CO₂ into a formaldehyde oxidation level.听This work is developed and realized, with Dr. Ghosh and Professor Ariya.

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